From time to time the cryogenic engineer is required to design a phase separator into a piping system. To achieve performance that meets expectation requires a basic understanding of thermodynamics, cryogenic fluid flow characteristics, and the performance specifications of the phase separator to be used.
As a reminder, the phase separator’s typical purpose is to supply high quality liquid to a use point, while at the same time delivering the required pressure and flow. A less frequent application is having the phase separator act as an accumulator in systems where there are short duration – high flow requirements.
The typical liquid cryogen piping analysis should always consider the system performance in terms of use point needs. It is therefore essential that the designer has this information available to be successful; he must know the expected mass flow rate, delivery pressure needed, and the expected liquid quality expected. The designer, in some cases, may be required to help the owner/user of the system understand reasonable expectations prior to system design. In all cases, the designer and user must reach an agreement on what will be achieved prior to installation and start-up. Surprises at start-up are the nemesis of both the designer and the user.
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