Cryogenic liquids such as liquid oxygen (LOX), liquid argon (LAR), and liquid nitrogen (LIN) are typically transported and stored as liquids, because more product can be transported when the product is in liquid form.
Cryogenic tanks & trailers are used to transport and store the gas in its liquid form. Since the tanks are produced to store the liquefied gas, at -196ºC or below, they are designed like large, oversized ‘Thermos’ bottles, because even a small amount of heat inlet will return the products to their gaseous state.
The double wall tanks consist of two cylindrical vessels, a stainless steel inner tank (the pressure vessel) and an outer jacket in carbon steel. The air in the space between the inner and outer vessel is known as the annular space, which is evacuated by means of a pump to create a vacuum.
The annular space between inner and outer vessel is filled with an insulating material such as Perlite or Super insulation, and then evacuated to a high vacuum to achieve minimum heat inlet (and therefore avoid evaporation losses).
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