CCTUS refers to carbon dioxide (CO2) capture, transportation, utilisation, and storage. CO2 transportation or distribution is often required between the CO2 capture location and the place where the CO2 will either be permanently stored, or utilised.
Moving large amounts of CO2 cost-effectively can be achieved through liquefaction of the CO2. The alternative is compression of the CO2 to more than 80 bar so that it exists as dense, supercritical CO2 and can be transmitted by pipeline.
Cryogenics makes CO2 compact for transportation and storage. Gaseous CO2 at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature requires 588 times more volume than liquid CO2.
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