Cryogenic equipment is used to produce or sustain materials at very low temperatures. In general terms, cryogenics is the study of low temperatures and the effects of low temperatures – temperatures that are typically far colder than can be attained by the use of conventional refrigeration equipment.
Equipment used in cryogenic applications, which consists primarily of cold traps, pipes, containers, tanks, purifiers and pressure vessels, is typically designed to reach incredibly low temperatures, and do this slowly to prevent materials from thermal shock. These applications enable the cryogenic process to lower temperatures to within a range of -150°C to absolute zero. Consequently, cryogenics has far reaching applications for a number of extremely important industries and for scientific research.
Cryogenic equipment is used in the liquefaction of many naturally occurring gases, such as oxygen, argon, liquid helium and nitrogen. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is perhaps one of the most important industries where the use of cryogenic equipment is imperative to the growth and success of this industry today. In 2016, energy and power made up the largest share of the cryogenic equipment market, according to studies. As the power and energy market segment continues to grow globally, the need for cryogenic equipment for transportation and storage will continue to drive demand for cryogenic equipment, lead by the rising global demand for energy derived from LNG.
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